Fig. 3. Observed and expected number of occurrences of wood-living beetle species unique to small patches and larger areas of deciduous forest. The number of occurrences is calculated as the number of trees in which a species was found, summed over all species occurring only in large areas or only in small patches, respectively. The expected number of occurrences is calculated as the total number of unique occurrences (large + small) times the proportion of total occurrences (summed over all species) found in the respective size group. There is no significant difference between the number of occurrences of unique species in large and small areas (chi-square = 1.234, P  = 0.27).