PLEASE NOTE: This is the Version 1.2 release of the South America land cover characteristics data base. It has not yet been validated and is subject to review. Following validation, the data base will be modified based on the lessons learned.
The South America land cover data base is one portion of a global land cover characteristics data base that is being developed on a continent-by-continent basis. All continents in the global data base share the same map projections (Interrupted Goode Homolosine and Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area), have 1-km nominal spatial resolution, and are based on 1-km AVHRR data spanning April 1992 through March 1993. Each continental data base has unique elements that are based on the salient geographic aspects of the specific continent. In addition, a core set of derived thematic maps produced through the aggregation of seasonal land cover regions are included in each continental data base. These are:
The legends for each of these derived data sets can be found in Section 4.2 - 4.7.
For a description of the methodology for the global data base, see the global readme file found under the EROS Data Center DAAC home page (http://edcwww.cr.usgs.gov/landdaac/glcc/glcc.html).
The South America land cover characteristics data are in a flat, headerless raster format. The pixel values correspond to class numbers defined in the appropriate land cover classification scheme legend. Data are distributed as compressed and uncompressed single-band images. The files can be obtained either by anonymous file transfer protocol (ftp) or downloaded from the EDC Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC) World Wide Web site: (http://edcwww.cr.usgs.gov/landdaac/glcc/sa_int.html). The instructions for accessing these files are contained in the following two sections.
1.1 Anonymous FTP for PC or UNIX Users
1.2 Downloading from the World Wide Web Site
From the South America Land Cover page, select either data in Interrupted Goode Homolosine projection or data in Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area projection. The selection will link to a page that contains links to all documentation files and the image files (both compressed and uncompressed). NOTE: World Wide Web browsers can vary in how the files will be downloaded. On PCs, some browsers will allow a user to interactively select the location where the file will be saved and to edit the file name. However, on certain browsers files may be automatically downloaded to a default storage location on the local system.
The South America data base is available in two different map projections: the Interrupted Goode Homolosine and the Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area (see Steinwand, 1994, and Steinwand and others, 1995, for a complete description of these projections).
2.1 Interrupted Goode Homolosine Projection Parameters
The data dimensions of the Interrupted Goode Homolosine projection for the South America land cover characteristics data set are 8,016 lines (rows) and 5,632 samples (columns) resulting in a data set size of approximately 45 megabytes for 8-bit (byte) images. The following is a summary of the map projection parameters used for this projection:
Projection Type: Interrupted Goode Homolosine
Units of measure: meters
Pixel Size: 1000 meters
Radius of sphere: 6370997 m
XY corner coordinates (center of pixel) in projection units (meters):
Lower left: ( -9276000, -6385000)
Upper left: ( -9276000, 1630000)
Upper right: ( -3645000, 1630000)
Lower right: ( -3645000, -6385000)
2.2 Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area Projection Parameters
The data dimensions of the Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area projection for the South America land cover characteristics data set are 8,000 lines (rows) and 6,000 samples (columns) resulting in a data set size of approximately 48 megabytes for 8-bit (byte) images. The following is a summary of the map projection parameters used for this projection:
Projection Type: Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area
Units of Measure: meters
Pixel Size: 1000 meters
Radius of sphere: 6370997 m
Longitude of origin: 60 00 00 W
Latitude of origin: 15 00 00 S
False easting: 0.0
False northing: 0.0
XY corner coordinates (center of pixel) in projection units (meters):
Lower left: ( -3000000, -4899000)
Upper left: ( -3000000, 3100000)
Upper right: ( 2999000, 3100000)
Lower right: ( 2999000, -4899000)
FILE (OR DIRECTORY) DATA DESCRIPTION TYPE/pub/data/glcc/sa South America
/pub/data/glcc/sa/goode Goode's Interrupted Homolosine Projection
sadoc1_2.txt ascii South America readme text saslcr1_2.leg ascii South America seasonal land cover regions legend bats.leg ascii BATS legend igbp.leg ascii IGBP legend oge.leg ascii Olson Global Ecosystems legend sib.leg ascii SIB legend sib2.leg ascii SIB2 legend usgs.leg ascii USGS land use/land cover legend sabats1_2g.img.gz byte BATS image sademg.img.gz I*2 DEM image saigbp1_2g.img.gz byte IGBP image saoge1_2g.img.gz byte Olson Global Ecosystems image sasib1_2g.img.gz byte SIB image sasib21_2g.img.gz byte SIB2 image saslcr1_2g.img.gz byte Seasonal land cover regions image saurbang.img.gz byte Digital Chart of the World urban image sausgs1_2g.img.gz byte USGS land use/land cover image
/pub/data/glcc/sa/goode/ndvimon Monthly NDVI Composite Images
saaprndg.img.gz byte April, 1992 NDVI image samayndg.img.gz byte May, 1992 NDVI image sajunndg.img.gz byte June, 1992 NDVI image sajulndg.img.gz byte July, 1992 NDVI image saaugndg.img.gz byte August, 1992 NDVI image sasepndg.img.gz byte September, 1992 NDVI image saoctndg.img.gz byte October, 1992 NDVI image sanovndg.img.gz byte November, 1992 NDVI image sadecndg.img.gz byte December, 1992 NDVI image sajanndg.img.gz byte January, 1993 NDVI image safebndg.img.gz byte February, 1993 NDVI image samarndg.img.gz byte March, 1993 NDVI image
/pub/data/glcc/sa/lambert Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area Projection
sadoc1_2.txt ascii South America readme text saslcr1_2.leg ascii South America seasonal land cover regions legend bats.leg ascii BATS legend igbp.leg ascii IGBP legend oge.leg ascii Olson Global Ecosystems legend sib.leg ascii SIB legend sib2.leg ascii SIB2 legend usgs.leg ascii USGS land use/land cover legend sabats1_2l.img.gz byte BATS image sademl.img.gz I*2 DEM image saigbp1_2l.img.gz byte IGBP image saoge1_2l.img.gz byte Olson Global Ecosystems image sasib1_2l.img.gz byte SIB image sasib21_2l.img.gz byte SIB2 image saslcr1_2l.img.gz byte Seasonal land cover regions image saurbanl.img.gz byte DCW urban image sausgs1_2l.img.gz byte USGS land use/land cover image
/pub/data/glcc/sa/lambert/ndvimon Monthly NDVI Composite Images
saaprndl.img.gz byte April, 1992 NDVI image samayndl.img.gz byte May, 1992 NDVI image sajunndl.img.gz byte June, 1992 NDVI image sajulndl.img.gz byte July, 1992 NDVI image saaugndl.img.gz byte August, 1992 NDVI image sasepndl.img.gz byte September, 1992 NDVI image saoctndl.img.gz byte October, 1992 NDVI image sanovndl.img.gz byte November, 1992 NDVI image sadecndl.img.gz byte December, 1992 NDVI image sajanndl.img.gz byte January, 1993 NDVI image safebndl.img.gz byte February, 1993 NDVI image samarndl.img.gz byte March, 1993 NDVI image
4.1 South America Seasonal Land Cover Regions Legend
South America, v. 1.2
Value Description
1 CROPLAND WITH SEMIDECIDUOUS BROADLEAF FOREST (COFFEE, SUGAR CANE, FRUIT)
2 CROPLAND (COFFEE, FRUIT, VEGETABLES) WITH FRAGMENTED FOREST
3 CROPLAND (RICE, SUGAR CANE)
4 CROPLAND (WHEAT, CORN, COTTON, FRUIT)
5 CROPLAND (RICE)
6 CROPLAND (SUGAR CANE, FRUIT, CORN)
7 CROPLAND WITH GRASSLAND (BARLEY, SMALL GRAINS, WHEAT, CORN)
8 CROPLAND (WHEAT, CORN, GRAPES, BEANS, POTATO, SUGAR BEETS, FRUIT)
9 CROPLAND (SOYBEANS, CORN) WITH SAVANNA (CERRADAO)
10 CROPLAND (CORN, SUGAR CANE, TOBACCO, BARLEY)
11 CROPLAND (WHEAT, SMALL GRAINS, VEGETABLES)
12 CROPLAND WITH WOODLAND (SUBSISTENCE FARMING)
13 CROPLAND WITH GRASSLAND (WHEAT, CORN, SUNFLOWERS)
14 CROPLAND WITH GRASSLAND (WHEAT, CORN, SUNFLOWERS)
15 CROPLAND WITH GRASSLAND (CORN, RICE, FRUIT, TEA)
16 TROPICAL SEASONAL DRY DECIDUOUS FOREST/CROPLAND (FRUIT, COFFEE, GRAPES, SUGAR CANE)
17 FRAGMENTED MONTANE RAINFOREST WITH DECIDUOUS SHRUBLAND/CROPLAND (FRUIT, COCOA, WHEAT)
18 FRAGMENTED FOREST/CROPLAND (COFFEE, RICE, FRUIT, PASTURE)/WOODLAND
19 CROPLAND/FRAGMENTED TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST
20 CROPLAND/WOODLAND (COFFEE, SUGAR CANE)
21 FRAGMENTED FOREST/CROPLAND (COFFEE, SUGAR CANE)
22 FRAGMENTED TROPICAL FOREST/CROPLAND (SUBSISTENCE FARMING)
23 OPEN WOODLAND (CERRADAO)/CROPLAND (CORN, RICE, COTTON, FRUIT, SOYBEANS)
24 WOODY SAVANNA (CERRADAO)/CROPLAND (COTTON, CORN, RICE, FRUIT)
25 FRAGMENTED FOREST/CROPLAND (CORN, RICE, SUGAR CANE, FRUIT)
26 WOODLAND SAVANNA (CERRADAO) WITH CROPLAND (COTTON, SUGAR CANE, FRUIT, RICE)
27 CROPLAND (CORN, RICE, SUGAR CANE)/WOODLAND
28 TROPICAL EVERGREEN FOREST TRANSITION/CROPLAND (FRUIT, RICE, COFFEE, SUGARCANE)
29 WOODLAND (DROUGHT DECIDUOUS)/CROPLAND (WHEAT, ROW CROPS, SUNFLOWERS, FRUIT)
30 SHRUBLAND WITH CROPLAND (COFFEE, COTTON, RICE, SUGAR CANE) AND PALMS
31 CROPLAND/WOODLAND (COFFEE, SUGAR CANE, RICE, CORN, FRUIT)
32 CROPLAND (CORN, RICE, COTTON, FRUIT)/DECIDUOUS WOODLAND (CAATINGA)
33 FRAGMENTED TROPICAL LOWLAND FOREST WITH CROPLAND (SUGAR CANE, FRUIT)
34 FRAGMENTED FOREST/CROPLAND MOSAIC (CORN, RICE, SUGAR CANE, FRUIT)
35 FRAGMENTED TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST/CROPLAND (CORN, RICE, SUGAR CANE, COFFEE, SUBSISTENCE FARMING)
36 WET SAVANNA/CROPLAND (CORN, SOYBEANS, COFFEE)
37 CROPLAND/FRAGMENTED FOREST MOSAIC (COFFEE, SUGAR CANE)
38 CROPLAND (RICE, SUGAR CANE, FRUIT, CORN, SUBSISTENCE FARMING)/FRAGMENTED EVERGREEN FOREST
39 CROPLAND (CORN, COFFEE, SUGAR CANE)/WOODLAND (CERRADAO)
40 FRAGMENTED TROPICAL EVERGREEN BROADLEAF/CROPLAND (SUBSISTENCE FARMING, RICE, FRUIT)
41 CROPLAND/WOODLAND (COFFEE, FRUIT)
42 FRAGMENTED TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST/CROPLAND (CORN, COFFEE, SUGAR CANE)
43 CROPLAND (COCOA, COFFEE)/SECONDARY FOREST
44 FRAGMENTED TROPICAL EVERGREEN FOREST/CROPLAND (CORN, SOYBEANS, COFFEE)
45 FRAGMENTED TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST/CROPLAND (CORN, SUBSISTENCE FARMING)
46 WOODLAND(QUEBRACHO)/CROPLAND (CORN, SUGAR CANE, SOYBEANS)
47 GRASSLAND/PASTURE/CROPLAND (COFFEE, FRUIT, SUGAR CANE)
48 GRASSLAND/CROPLAND (SMALL GRAINS, FRUIT)
49 CROPLAND (SUGARCANE)/GRASSLAND
50 CROPLAND (COTTON, SUGAR CANE, CORN, SORGHUM)/GRASSLAND
51 CROPLAND (WHEAT, CORN, BEANS, FRUIT)/GRASSLAND
52 GRASSLAND WITH CROPLAND (COFFEE, SUGAR CANE)
53 SHRUB SAVANNA/CROPLAND (ATLANTIC FOREST)
54 CROPLAND/PASTURE (COFFEE, SUGAR CANE)
55 PASTURE/CROPLAND (SUGAR CANE, FRUIT)
56 CROPLAND/GRASSLAND (COFFEE, SUGAR CANE)
57 CROPLAND/GRASSLAND (WHEAT, SUNFLOWER, CORN, SORGHUM)
58 CROPLAND/GRASSLAND (WHEAT, CORN, GRAPES, FRUIT)
59 CROPLAND/GRASSLAND (COFFEE, VEGETABLES)
60 CROPLAND/GRASSLAND (RICE, SORGHUM, CORN, SOYBEANS, CITRUS)
61 CROPLAND/GRASSLAND (CORN, SOYBEAN, WHEAT)
62 SEMI ARID SHRUB STEPPE
63 SEMIARID SHRUBLAND STEPPE (PAMPA)
64 ANDEAN GRASSLAND (PARAMO, PUNA)
65 ANDEAN GRASSLAND (PUNA, HUMID PARAMO)
66 SEMIARID DECIDUOUS SHRUBLAND STEPPE (PAMPA)
67 TUSSOCK GRASSLAND
68 GRASSLAND WITH MONTANE EVERGREEN FOREST
69 TUSSOCK GRASSLAND
70 GRASSLAND
71 TROPICAL GRASSLAND (FLOODED)
72 GRASSLAND
73 GRASSLAND WITH CROPLAND (WHEAT, SMALL GRAINS, SUNFLOWERS)
74 SEASONALLY FLOODED GRASSLAND WITH PALMS
75 GRASSLAND WITH CROPLAND (CORN, SOYBEANS, WHEAT, ROW CROPS)
76 FLOODED GRASSLAND WITH PALMS
77 GRASSLAND WITH PALMS
78 TROPICAL SEMIARID THORN SHRUBLAND/GRASSLAND
79 SPARSELY VEGETATED (DRY PARAMO)
80 OPEN DECIDUOUS SHRUBLAND (SCLEROPHYLLOUS)
81 SHRUB STEPPE
82 TROPICAL SEMIARID THORN SHRUBLAND/GRASSLAND (CAATINGA) WITH CROPLAND (CEREALS, COTTON)
83 XEROPHYTIC SHRUBLAND (ALTIPLANO) (FRAGMENTED GRASSLAND, FRAGMENTED SHRUBLAND)
84 TROPICAL SEMIARID THORN SHRUBLAND (CAATINGA)
85 XEROPHYTIC SHRUBLAND (ALTIPLANO) (FRAGMENTED GRASSLAND, FRAGMENTED SHRUBLAND)
86 DECIDUOUS SHRUBLAND
87 SEMIARID SHRUBLAND STEPPE
88 TROPICAL SEMIARID THORN SHRUBLAND/GRASSLAND (CAATINGA) WITH CROPLAND (CEREALS, COTTON)
89 SEMIARID EVERGREEN SHRUBLAND
90 SAVANNA (LLANO) WITH CROPLAND (CORN, SOYBEANS)
91 SAVANNA (CERRADAO)
92 SAVANNA (TALL GRASS WITH WOODY BROADLEAF)
93 SAVANNA (LLANO)
94 SAVANNA (LLANO)
95 SAVANNA (CERRADAO)
96 FLOODED GRASSLAND/FRAGMENTED FOREST
97 SAVANNA WITH CROPLAND (CERRADAO) (COFFEE, FRUIT, SUGAR CANE, CORN, COTTON)
98 FRAGMENTED TROPICAL EVERGREEN FOREST/SHRUB SAVANNA
99 TEMPERATE OPEN EVERGREEN WOODLAND
100 FRAGMENTED TROPICAL EVERGREEN FOREST/SHRUB SAVANNA
101 GRASSLAND/WOODLAND
102 DECIDUOUS WOODLAND, WOODLAND/GRASSLAND MOSAIC
103 DRY DECIDUOUS FOREST (CHACO)
104 DRY DECIDUOUS FOREST
105 MONTANE EVERGREEN RAINFOREST (CLOUD FOREST)
106 SUBMONTANE/MONTANE TROPICAL EVERGREEN FOREST
107 TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST (FLOODED WITH MANGROVES)
108 TROPICAL MOIST EVERGREEN FOREST
109 MONTANE TROPICAL EVERGREEN FOREST
110 HUMID LOWLAND TROPICAL RAINFOREST
111 SUBMONTANE MOIST EVERGREEN BROADLEAF FOREST
112 MONTANE EVERGREEN BROADLEAF RAINFOREST WITH EPIPHYTES
113 MOIST TROPICAL EVERGREEN BROADLEAF FOREST
114 FLOODED EVERGREEN BROADLEAF RAINFOREST (VARZEA)
115 TROPICAL EVERGREEN BROADLEAF FOREST
116 LOWLAND TROPICAL MOIST FOREST
117 OPEN TROPICAL EVERGREEN BROADLEAF FOREST
118 TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST
119 FRAGMENTED TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST/SAVANNA
120 TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST
121 TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST
122 TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST
123 TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST
124 TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST
125 MOIST TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST
126 MOIST TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST/FLOODED TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST (COASTAL MANGROVES)
127 MOIST TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST
128 MOIST TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST
129 MOIST TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST
130 TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST
131 MOIST TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST
132 MOIST TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST
133 MOIST TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST
134 MOIST TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST
135 MOIST TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST
136 MOIST TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST
137 TROPICAL/SUBTROPICAL MOIST EVERGREEN FOREST
138 MOIST TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST
139 MOIST TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST
140 MOIST TROPICAL EVERGREEN RAINFOREST
141 SUBTROPICAL MOIST SEASONAL DECIDUOUS FOREST
142 CARIBBEAN PINE PLANTATION
143 TEMPERATE MIXED-LEAF FOREST (WINTER GREEN)
144 TEMPERATE/SUBPOLAR OMBROPHILOUS EVERGREEN FOREST
145 TEMPERATE MOIST EVERGREEN NEEDLELEAF AND BROADLEAF FOREST
146 TEMPERATE EVERGREEN NEEDLELEAF AND BROADLEAF FOREST
147 TEMPERATE EVERGREEN BROADLEAF AND NEEDLELEAF FOREST
148 OPEN DECIDUOUS WOODLAND/SHRUBLAND
149 FRAGMENTED DECIDUOUS SHRUBLAND/WOODLAND
150 DROUGHT DECIDUOUS THORN WOODLAND WITH CROPLAND
151 DRY DECIDUOUS WOODLAND (CHACO)
152 DECIDUOUS WOODLAND
153 FRAGMENTED SUBTROPICAL EVERGREEN NEEDLELEAF FOREST/GRASSLAND
154 WOODED WETLANDS
155 ANDEAN TUNDRA (PUNA), SOUTHERN ANDEAN BUNCH GRASS
156 ANDEAN TUNDRA (PUNA)
157 ANDEAN SHRUBLAND (PARAMO)
158 ANDEAN SHRUB TUNDRA (PUNA)
159 SUBPOLAR HERBACEOUS TUNDRA
160 SNOW AND ICE
161 SPARSELY VEGETATED
162 BARREN OR SPARELY VEGETATED
163 BARREN OR SPARSELY VEGETATED
164 SPARSELY VEGETATED (DRY PUNA AND COASTAL DESERT)
165 SPARSELY VEGETATED (PACIFIC COASTAL DESERT, PLAYAS)
166 SPARSELY VEGETATED
167 WATER
Value Description
1 Urban
2 Low Sparse Grassland
3 Coniferous Forest
4 Deciduous Conifer Forest
5 Deciduous Broadleaf Forest
6 Evergreen Broadleaf Forests
7 Tall Grasses and Shrubs
8 Bare Desert
9 Upland Tundra
10 Irrigated Grassland
11 Semi Desert
12 Glacier Ice
13 Wooded Wet Swamp
14 Inland Water (see Note 1)
15 Sea Water (see Note 1)
16 Shrub Evergreen
17 Shrub Deciduous
18 Mixed Forest and Field
19 Evergreen Forest and Fields
20 Cool Rain Forest
21 Conifer Boreal Forest
22 Cool Conifer Forest
23 Cool Mixed Forest
24 Mixed Forest
25 Cool Broadleaf Forest
26 Deciduous Broadleaf Forest
27 Conifer Forest
28 Montane Tropical Forests
29 Seasonal Tropical Forest
30 Cool Crops and Towns
31 Crops and Town
32 Dry Tropical Woods
33 Tropical Rainforest
34 Tropical Degraded Forest
35 Corn and Beans Cropland
36 Rice Paddy and Field
37 Hot Irrigated Cropland
38 Cool Irrigated Cropland
39 Cold Irrigated Cropland
40 Cool Grasses and Shrubs
41 Hot and Mild Grasses and Shrubs
42 Cold Grassland
43 Savanna (Woods)
44 Mire, Bog, Fen
45 Marsh Wetland
46 Mediterranean Scrub
47 Dry Woody Scrub
48 Dry Evergreen Woods
49 Volcanic Rock
50 Sand Desert
51 Semi Desert Shrubs
52 Semi Desert Sage
53 Barren Tundra
54 Cool Southern Hemisphere Mixed Forests
55 Cool Fields and Woods
56 Forest and Field
57 Cool Forest and Field
58 Fields and Woody Savanna
59 Succulent and Thorn Scrub
60 Small Leaf Mixed Woods
61 Deciduous and Mixed Boreal Forest
62 Narrow Conifers
63 Wooded Tundra
64 Heath Scrub
65 Coastal Wetland, NW
66 Coastal Wetland, NE
67 Coastal Wetland, SE
68 Coastal Wetland, SW
69 Polar and Alpine Desert
70 Glacier Rock
71 Salt Playas
72 Mangrove
73 Water and Island Fringe
74 Land, Water, and Shore (see Note 1)
75 Land and Water, Rivers (see Note 1)
76 Crop and Water Mixtures
77 Southern Hemisphere Conifers
78 Southern Hemisphere Mixed Forest
79 Wet Sclerophylic Forest
80 Coastline Fringe
81 Beaches and Dunes
82 Sparse Dunes and Ridges
83 Bare Coastal Dunes
84 Residual Dunes and Beaches
85 Compound Coastlines
86 Rocky Cliffs and Slopes
87 Sandy Grassland and Shrubs
88 Bamboo
89 Moist Eucalyptus
90 Rain Green Tropical Forest
91 Woody Savanna
92 Broadleaf Crops
93 Grass Crops
94 Crops, Grass, Shrubs
Note 1: In Version 1.2, all water is mapped to one digital value (14).
Value Description
1 Evergreen Needleleaf Forest
2 Evergreen Broadleaf Forest
3 Deciduous Needleleaf Forest
4 Deciduous Broadleaf Forest
5 Mixed Forest
6 Closed Shrublands
7 Open Shrublands
8 Woody Savannas
9 Savannas
10 Grasslands
11 Permanent Wetlands
12 Croplands
13 Urban and Built-Up
14 Cropland/Natural Vegetation Mosaic
15 Snow and Ice
16 Barren or Sparsely Vegetated
17 Water Bodies
4.4 USGS Land Use/Land Cover System Legend (Modified Level 2)
Value Code Description 1 100 Urban and Built-Up Land 2 211 Dryland Cropland and Pasture 3 212 Irrigated Cropland and Pasture 4 213 Mixed Dryland/Irrigated Cropland and Pasture 5 280 Cropland/Grassland Mosaic 6 290 Cropland/Woodland Mosaic 7 311 Grassland 8 321 Shrubland 9 330 Mixed Shrubland/Grassland 10 332 Savanna 11 411 Deciduous Broadleaf Forest 12 412 Deciduous Needleleaf Forest 13 421 Evergreen Broadleaf Forest 14 422 Evergreen Needleleaf Forest 15 430 Mixed Forest 16 500 Water Bodies 17 620 Herbaceous Wetland 18 610 Wooded Wetland 19 770 Barren or Sparsely Vegetated 20 820 Herbaceous Tundra 21 810 Wooded Tundra 22 850 Mixed Tundra 23 830 Bare Ground Tundra 24 900 Snow or Ice
4.5 Simple Biosphere Model Legend
Value Description
1 Evergreen Broadleaf Trees
2 Broadleaf Deciduous Trees
3 Deciduous and Evergreen Trees
4 Evergreen Needleleaf Trees
5 Deciduous Needleleaf Trees
6 Ground Cover with Trees and Shrubs
7 Groundcover Only
8 Broadleaf Shrubs with Perennial Ground Cover
9 Broadleaf Shrubs with Bare Soil
10 Groundcover with Dwarf Trees and Shrubs
11 Bare Soil
12 Agriculture or C3 Grassland
17 Persistent Wetland
18 Dry Coastal Complexes
19 Water
20 Ice Cap and Glacier
4.6 Simple Biosphere 2 Model Legend
Value Description
1 Broadleaf Evergreen Trees
2 Broadleaf Deciduous Trees
3 Broadleaf and Needleleaf Trees
4 Needleleaf Evergreen Trees
5 Needleleaf Deciduous Trees
6 Short Vegetation/C4 Grassland
7 Shrubs with Bare Soil
8 Dwarf Trees and Shrubs
9 Agriculture or C3 Grassland
10 Water, Wetlands, Ice/Snow
4.7 Biosphere-Atmosphere Transfer Scheme Legend
Value Description
1 Crops, Mixed Farming
2 Short Grass
3 Evergreen Needleleaf Trees
4 Deciduous Needleleaf Tree
5 Deciduous Broadleaf Trees
6 Evergreen Broadleaf Trees
7 Tall Grass
8 Desert
9 Tundra
10 Irrigated Crops
11 Semidesert
12 Ice Caps and Glaciers
13 Bogs and Marshes
14 Inland Water
15 Ocean
16 Evergreen Shrubs
17 Deciduous Shrubs
18 Mixed Forest
19 Interrupted Forest
20 Water and Land Mixtures
Anderson, J.R., Hardy, E.E., Roach J.T., and Witmer R.E., 1976, A land use and land cover classification system for use with remote sensor data: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 964, 28 p.
Belward, A.S., ed., 1996, The IGBP-DIS global 1 km land cover data set (DISCover)-proposal and implementation plans: IGBP-DIS Working Paper No. 13, Toulouse, France, 61 p.
Dickinson, R.E., Henderson-Sellers, A., Kennedy, P.J., and Wilson, M.F., 1986, Biosphere-atmosphere transfer scheme (BATS) for the NCAR community climate model: NCAR Technical Note NCAR/TN275+STR, Boulder, CO. 69 p.
Olson, J.S., 1994a, Global ecosystem framework-definitions: USGS EROS Data Center Internal Report, Sioux Falls, SD, 37 p.
_____ 1994b, Global ecosystem framework-translation strategy: USGS EROS Data Center Internal Report, Sioux Falls, SD, 39 p.
Sellers, P.J., Mintz, Y., Sud, Y.C., and Dalcher A., 1986, A simple biosphere model (SiB) for use within general circulation models: Journal of Atmospheric Science, v. 43, p. 505-531.
Sellers, P.J., Randall, D.A., Collatz, G.J., Berry, J.A., Field, C.B., Dazlich, D.A., Zhang, C., Collelo, G.D., and Bounoua, L., 1996, A revised land surface parameterization (SiB2) for atmospheric GCMs - Part I-model formulation: Journal of Climate, v. 9, p. 676-705.
Steinwand, D.R., 1994, Mapping raster imagery to the Interrupted Goode Homolosine projection: International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 15, no. 17, p. 3,463-3,472.
Steinwand, D.R., Hutchinson, J.A., and Snyder, J.P. ,1995, Map projections for global and continental data sets and an analysis of pixel distortion caused by reprojection: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 61, p. 1,487-1,497.