Fig. 1. False-color satellite image of the study region (Annapolis Valley, Nova Scotia, Canada). The forested North and South Mountains (medium and light green) bound the agricultural valley (diagonal band of white, pink, and light green). Water bodies are black. The 15 landscapes used in this study are indicated by yellow (forested), blue (partially forested), and red (nonforested) circles. All 15 landscapes were used for surveys, and six (opaque circles), two in each level of forest cover, were used to collect movement data (Jonsen and Taylor 2000). Three landscapes (indicated by double circles), one in each level of forest cover, were used for model calibrations, and the remaining 12 were reserved to test model predictions.