Fig. 3. Supply of ecosystem services as a function of ecosystem state. 'A' represents rangeland ecosystem services (wool production from grazing) as a function of woody vegetation biomass (W). 'B' represents lake ecosystem services (fish, recreation) in Wisconsin as a function of P in lake sediment and agricultural soil in the catchment. Vc is the critical threshold level of P and W, demarcating a flip from one stability domain to another.